Moving to the United States from Spain is a life-changing decision that involves far more than simply changing address. It is a process with a series of emotional, logistical and legal challenges that need to be considered carefully. From adapting to a new culture to handling bureaucratic procedures, every step calls for meticulous planning.
One of the main hurdles is obtaining the right paperwork, such as visas and residence permits. These procedures tend to be complex and require a clear understanding of the legal requirements in both Spain and the United States. The need to translate official documents into English adds a further layer of complexity.
The language barrier and cultural differences can also be significant challenges. Adapting to a new environment, building support networks and understanding social and workplace norms are all crucial to a successful transition. That is why it is essential to prepare properly and to have the support you need to make this change of life easier.
Essential paperwork and procedures for moving to the US
To settle legally in the United States, you must obtain the relevant visa or Green Card . There are various visa categories, such as work, study, investment or family reunification. Each has specific requirements and a different application process, so it is advisable to consult the official information on the US Embassy website in Spain.
As well as the visa, you will need to prepare a series of documents to support your application. These may include birth certificates, criminal record certificates and academic qualifications, among others. It is important to make sure that all of these documents are duly legalised and, in many cases, translated into English by a sworn translator appointed by the Spanish Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Legalising documents may require the Hague Apostille or specific procedures depending on the type of document and the country of origin. It is essential to find out about the legalisation and translation requirements to avoid delays or rejections in the immigration process.
Documents usually requested
Here is a list of the documents you are most likely to be asked for:
- Valid passport with at least 6 months’ validity remaining
- Form DS-160 (for non-immigrant visas)
- Form I-130/I-140/I-485 (for immigration/family/work)
- Visa-size photograph (to Department of State specifications)
- Birth certificate
- Criminal record certificate
- Marriage/divorce certificates (if applicable)
- Academic qualifications and school certificates
- Employment contracts or job offer letters
- Bank statements or proof of funds
- Proof of family relationship (for family reunification visas)
- Professional or academic references
- Medical history if requested (including compulsory vaccinations)
- Investment or company documentation (for E-2 and EB-5 visas)
- Proof of payment of application fees
All documents in Spanish must be translated into English by means of a sworn translation.
Sworn translations: a crucial step in the immigration process
A sworn translation is an official translation carried out by an authorised translator who certifies that the translated document is faithful and accurate. This type of translation is frequently required in immigration procedures, particularly when submitting documents to US authorities.
It is essential to use specialist translation services that guarantee your documents will be accepted by the relevant authorities. On that note, companies such as Alos Soluciones Lingüísticas offer certified translations accepted by USCIS, with fast turnaround and ongoing support.
Step-by-step procedure for moving to the US from Spain
- Decide why you are moving
Decide whether you are emigrating for work, study, investment, family or permanent residence. - Choose the right visa
Some common types include:- Work visa (H-1B, L-1, O-1)
- Student visa (F-1, J-1)
- Immigrant visa (Green Card through family or work)
- Investment visa (E-2)
- Check the requirements on the US Embassy website in Madrid
US visas – Embassy in Spain - Gather all the required documents
- Legalise and apostille the necessary documents
By means of the Hague Apostille at the Ministry of Justice or the relevant bodies. - Have the documents translated by a certified translator
It is vital that they are certified in order to be accepted by USCIS (United States Citizenship and Immigration Services). - Complete and submit your visa application
This includes paying fees, completing form DS-160 or I-130/I-140 as applicable, and booking a consular appointment. - Attend the interview at the US consulate
Submit your documents and answer the consular officer’s questions. - Receive your visa or immigration approval
Depending on the type, the visa may take weeks or months. - Prepare for your move and arrival in the US
This includes finding somewhere to live, health insurance and having your qualifications recognised if necessary.
How does Alos Soluciones Lingüísticas make this process easier?
- We translate all your documents with sworn translators certified by the MAEC (the Spanish Ministry of Foreign Affairs).
- We offer urgent delivery, both digital and hard copy, with legal validity for the United States.
- We advise you on which documents require an apostille, legalisation, or a sworn or certified translation.
- We also run legal and immigration English courses for lawyers and families.
If you do not yet have a good enough command of the language, remember that you can book our online English classes, with qualified teachers at competitive prices. You will certainly save money compared with market rates for English classes in the US, and you will finally be able to make the most of your experience.
Frequently asked questions (FAQs)
A sworn translation is an official translation carried out by an authorised translator who certifies that the translated document is faithful to the original. It is required when official documents are submitted in a language other than the one required by the relevant authority, as in immigration procedures.
Generally, you will need to translate birth, marriage and criminal record certificates, academic qualifications and financial documents. It is advisable to check the specific requirements for the visa you are applying for.
There are companies that specialise in sworn translations, such as Alos Soluciones Lingüísticas, offering certified translation services accepted by USCIS.